Mars Attack

mars-hubble

This month and next, Earth is catching up with Mars in an  encounter that will culminate in the closest  approach between the two planets in recorded  history.

Is that the tagline for a summer blockbuster disaster film? No.
Is it true? No.

The past six years, emails have spread that story or something like it around at this time of the year.

The emails also say that on August 27,  Mars will come so close to Earth, the red planet will be “as big as a full Moon” in the night sky. Not true.

It seems to have started back in 2003 when Mars did actually make a close approach. It came to its closest distance to Earth in about 60,000 years at about 35 million miles away, so it did appear about six times larger and 85% brighter in the night sky than normal. I recall making my sons go out on the deck with me to see it.  However, it did not  look “as large as the full moon when viewed with the naked eye.”

Mars actually reaches opposition every couple of years. In 2007, it came within 55 million miles of Earth. The next opposition is January 30, 2010.

One line in that hoax email that is true is that Mars will not be at that 2003 distance from Earth again until the year 2287.  Nothing historical about this summer.

Naturally

Some years ago I went down the therapy and medications path to combat depression. It was a frustrating process. I thought the medications did help, but they were not a solution. Since then I have looked into natural supplements that supposedly help combat stress, anxiety and depression.  There are five that I have tried that seem to have some positive effects in studies. Certainly, this is not a medical blog and I don’t know any more than what I have read, researched and observed with myself.  Those 5 are St. John’s wort, ginkgo, kava, tyrosine and SAM-e.

St. John’s wort is an herb of the genus Hypericum. It is named for John the Baptist because traditionally the herb was supposed to be collected on St. John’s Eve (June 23).

It has been used widely and studied more outside the United States and shown to improve mild to moderate depression. I have found it to be effective. But, if I had a major bout of depresssion, I would not expect it to lift me from it. It seems that we still are not sure of how St John’s wort works. Of course, that is also true of any number of commercial drugs used for depression. It seems that it probably acts as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor [SSRI], which would make it similar to Prozac.

One general warning for any of these natural supplements is not to mix them with other antidepressants. I always tell my doctor what supplements I am currently taking, and I stop them two weeks before I have blood work done so that they don’t throw off any tests. St. John’s wort is listed as causing sun sensitivity and it may interfere with anesthetics. After using it successfully for a number of years, I became concerned when I read that though it rarely causes sun sensitivity (photosensitivity) which would make you more susceptible to sunburns, there was secondary concern. Some recent studies concluded that it reacts with visible and ultraviolet light to produce free radicals. Those are molecules that can damage cells and react with vital proteins in the eye which, if damaged, precipitate out causing cataracts. Natural supplements have side effects just as any other medication.

Another popular supplement is ginkgo. This ornamental tree native to eastern China, is now grown in many countries worldwide, including the United States. Ginkgo’s earliest known medicinal use dates back to 2800 B.C., when members of the royal court were reportedly instructed to eat the leaves to combat senility.

Today it is suggested as a way to relieve mild depression.  It increases blood flow to the brain because it acts as a blood thinner and it also increases the amount of oxygen that can be transported in the blood. It is also considered to be an antioxidant.

Because it is a blood thinner, if you have hypertension, a history of stroke or are on prescription blood thinners like Coumadin, you need to be careful with ginkgo.  If you are having a dental procedure or a surgery, you also would want to avoid adding gingko.

Kava is a bit different.  It inhibits the enzyme that is involved in producing anxiety. That makes it similar to Valium and Halcyon. Anxiety is not depression, though they can be linked. I often see it advertised as a sleep aid. (So, warnings will say to avoid taking it if driving and similar situations.)

Like the others, this supplement has a long history of use. Captain James Cook was the first Westerner to encounter the herb, on a voyage to the Pacific Islands in 1768.

Someone told me that it had been “banned” from sale because it could cause in extremely high doses, ataxia and paralysis, and could be addictive. It is sold in many health food and vitamin stores, so I don’t know about any ban. You will find warnings about daily use or using it in higher dosages – which is good common sense for ANY type of  medicine.

The oddly-named SAM-e is actually S-adenosylmethionine, which is a chemical compound formed from the amino acid methionine and present in protein-rich foods, as well as in our bodies and brains.

Low levels of SAM-e in the body are associated with depression, fibromyalgia, osteoarthritis and liver disorders. So,  SAM-e has been used (again, more so outside the U.S.) to treat depression and also arthritis pain. It was approved as an over-the-counter dietary supplement here only recently. I tried it for a short time and did not find any effect. It costs much more than St. John’s wort.

Tyrosine is one 20 amino acids that are the building blocks of all bodily proteins. You find it in dairy products and meats like chicken and turkey. It is a key amino acids for proper brain functioning. Because it is essential in the production of three neurotransmitters -  dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine (adrenaline) - it has been used as a  “stress buster. “  Tyrosine can be depleted during periods of stress. The body cannot dopamine or norepinephrine without tyrosine.

Studies were done by the military during repetitive stress situations to see if it could prevent “fatigue depression” that occurs when someone is so exhaused that they become depressed and just want to give up.

There is plenty of information on all of these supplements online – maybe too much.

Quarks With Charm

Back in 1964, the quark model was independently proposed by physicists Murray Gell-Mann and George Zweig. They proposed that hundreds of the particles known at the time could be explained as combinations of just 3 fundamental particles. Gell-Mann assigned the name “quark” to the fundamental constituents of the nucleon.

What is interesting is that “quarks” was a nonsense word used by James Joyce in the novel Finnegans Wake

Three quarks for Muster Mark!
Sure he has not got much of a bark
And sure any he has it’s all beside the mark.

“Quark” (which means several things including the cry of a gull) rhymes with “Mark”, but Gell-Mann wanted it pronounced as “kwork.” He thought that since there are other phrases in the book that are used to call for drinks at the bar, so perhaps “Three quarks for Muster Mark” might mean “Three quarts for Mister Mark”, which gives him the pronunciation he wanted. The number three also fit the way quarks occur in nature. (Zweig actually wanted the name “ace” for the particle he had theorized.)

There are six different types of quarks, known as flavors: up (symbol: u), down (d), charm (c), strange (s), top (t) and bottom (b). Up and down quarks are generally stable and very common in the universe. The other quarks can only be produced in high energy collisions, such as in particle accelerators and cosmic rays.

I’m rather fond of charm quarks. The particle was named J by the BNL group and ψ by the SLAC group, and, since a decision couldn’t be made (what’s with these physicists?) the compromise J/ψ was adopted. This particle has a “charmed” life – a half-life a thousand times longer than had been predicted theoretically.

Dreams of Time Travel

I read Alan Lightman’s novel, Einstein’s Dreams, when it came out in 1993.  It’s a strange novel which imagines what Einstein may have been dreaming about in Bern, Switzerland before he published his Special Theory of Relativity in 1905.

I have had a fascination with Einstein ever since I was a teenager. I first came to him because he seemed connected to an earlier fascination with the possibility of time travel.

The 26 year old Albert Einstein is in an unhappy marriage. He has a job as a patent clerk that he dislikes and that is far below his abilities. In his head are dreamscapes of theoretical realms of time.

Alan Lightman describes the dreams which occur between April 14, 1905 and June 28, 1905.  Of course,  all of it is pure imagination.  There’s science in the imagined worlds where people’s lives are based on time being circular or flowing backwards, or slowing down.

The project Einstein was working on concerned electricity and magnetism, but the solution required a reconception of time.

When the book opens, Einstein has finished with his new theory of time and, while he waits a few hours for a typist in his patent office, he thinks his dreams.

Many of the dreams seem in their language like poems -

14 April 1905

Suppose
time is a circle,
the world repeats
endlessly
births, deaths, a glass falls and breaks,
all is repeated
and then again
nothing is temporary
or permanent.
Some people know
all this has happened before.
They walk the night streets
and cannot unbreak the glass,
prevent the death,
erase one unkind word.

16 April 1905

Time flows like a stream here
and when some rivulet
turns away and connects backstream,
it carries the people back.
Do you see them?
They are the fearful ones.
They know that any change they make
now,
in the past,
will change the future.

I wanted to build a time machine ever since I saw the movie version of H.G. Wells’ The Time Machine. I probably read the Classics Illustrated comics version of the novel before I read the novel. I had boxes of discarded electronics and machines in my basement that I had culled on garbage collection days. I loved playing with the gears, knobs and circuit boards. I learned some things along the way, got some nasty shocks and burned myself on my soldering iron, but I never did get a working time machine. Many years later, watching the movie E.T., I watched the alien build his communicator in that same ridiculously easy way.

I have read that Wells wrote his novel partially in response to Charles Darwin publishing his theory of evolution which was the big scientific news of the time. His novel can be seen as as a story about evolution, as he tells how we will evolve in the future. It’s not a pretty, but a cautionary, tale.

His Time Traveller goes forward to 802,701 AD in the same location as his London basement workshop. He finds a race of elfin, beautiful, vegetarian, but virtually helpless creatures. Their life is thoughtless idleness and they seem quite satisfied in their blissful ignorance. But there is also another offshoot of our species who lives beneath the surface – and they are quite evil.

Can we go back in time? Einstein was not much fun for time travel enthusiasts.  Though we might imagine going back in time and righting wrongs (small ones of our own or large historical ones), he pretty much concluded that if we were to travel back, we would be who we were and do what we had done again. It’s an infinite loop. It doesn’t make for a good story or film. (So much for Back to the Future.)

Simplified, Einstein said that by traveling at the speed of light, you would force time to slow down, then to stop, and finally to go backward. Of course, even if we could go faster than the speed of light, none of us could survive the speedy journey. (Though Superman did in a film in order to save Lois Lane.) Special relativity states that your mass would become infinite in the process. Some proponents of time travel point out that Einstein’s equations for general relativity do allow some forms of time travel, but then we are into science that is not for here.

If you do want to still pursue some time travel, check into the ten dimensional hyperspace theory, wormholes and dimensional windows.

Time travel is a risky business. Personally, I am not a fan of  blasting into some other time and finding myself binding into some substance in the space which I or the machine now occupies.

Einstein also warned of paradoxes. Meeting your parents before you are born is a popular one.  (See the first Back to the Future film)

4th May 1905

Time passes
but little happens.
Year to year,
month to month,
day to day,
the passage of events
are the same.
If you have no ambitions
you are unaware of your suffering,
the ambitious ones
know and suffer
but very slowly.

8th May 1905

The world will end
on the 26th of September 1907.
Everyone knows it.
Schools close the year before.
Businesses close the month before.
People are surprisingly unafraid.
They think over their coffee that
now there is nothing to really fear.
On September 25th
there is laughter on the streets,
neighbors who never spoke
greet each other as friends.
We are all equal in the world of one day.
One minute before the end
everyone in Berne gathers together.
No one moves or speaks.
It is like leaping off a mountain.
They hold hands as the end approaches.
They are weightless,
cool air rushes by,
the whiteness
of snow fills their vision.


Read
The Time Machine

Einstein’s Dreams

Watch
Back to the Future – The Complete Trilogy

The Time Machine

The Garden Calendar

Hara hachi bu

There is a Japanese cultural habit of healthy eating called hara hachi bu, which means eat only until you are 80% full (literally, “stomach 80%”).

That is probably easier to follow in Japan where portions are generally much smaller than in the U.S. and the pace of eating is also slower. (Using chopsticks would certainly slow me down.)

One thing it does not mean in Japan is leaving a fifth of your meal on the plate, since it is bad form to leave food on your plate. Food is often served “family style” and you take only what you need, eat slowly and stop before you are full.

Stopping at 80% is a good way to avoid obesity without going hungry. The stomach’s stretch receptors take about 20 minutes to tell the brain that it is full. That’s why you probably feel really full about 20 minutes after you stop eating.

Hara hachi bu is discussed in a popular diet book called The Okinawa Diet Plan: Get Leaner, Live Longer, and Never Feel Hungry It’s based on a traditional Okinawa diet which emphasizes vegetables, whole grains, fruits, legumes (soy foods) and fish, and it limits meats. Many people see the diet as a a model for healthy eating and healthy aging.

Keeping that number 80 in mind, look at some health statistics for Okinawa that I found: heart disease rates are 80% lower than the U.S; the rate of stroke is also lower and cholesterol levels are typically under 180. their rates of cancer are 50-80% lower – especially for breast, colon, ovarian and prostate cancers.

When I started searching online for more information on this 80% rule, I came across a blog post that wondered if this principle could relate to other aspects of life. The blogger (who writes about business presentations) related it to the length of a good speech, presentation, and even business meetings. He says:

“My advice is this: no matter how much time you are given, never ever go over time, and in fact finish a bit before your allotted time is up. How long you go will depend on your own unique situation at the time but try to shoot for 80-90% of your allotted time. No one will complain if you finish with a few minutes to spare. The problem with most presentation is that they are too long, not too short. Performers, for example, know that the trick is to leave the stage while the audience still loves you and don’t want you to go, not after they have had enough and are “full” of you.”

Does hara hachi bu relate to anything in your life?

I can certainly see situations where I would NOT want it to be a guiding philosophy. For example, I wouldn’t want my students giving 80% of their effort.

In this current economic downturn, perhaps it makes sense for all of us to use the principle in situations like our spending. Maybe, as with food, you only need to buy 80% of what you think you need in clothing, dining out, travel and non-essentials. Spend only 80%, save 20%. Donate 20% to charity.

Maybe we need to focus on that 20%. Give 20% of your free time as a community volunteer?

The diet is a good idea and a worthwhile pursuit. Any other suggestions about how to apply this principle to living?

Dandelion Wine

Dandelions are having a great time in the backyard next to my house. They are all plotting to reseed my lawn which I have carefully tried to keep dandelion free in the most environmentally-friendly way.

It’s not that I dislike dandelions, but I admit that I have conceded that my suburban home needs to have a normal front lawn. Resale value and all that.

dandelionwineWe call them dandelions which is (according to my French-speaking wife) a corruption of the French dent de lion meaning “lion’s tooth.” The French named it that because of those jagged-toothed leaves. Other European languages have similar versions – Italian dente di leone, Spanish diente de león, Portuguese dente-de-leão, Norwegian Løvetann, and German Löwenzahn.

They are only weeds in our suburban brains. You can use the flowers to make a kind of wine, roast the roots to make a coffee-like drink, and use the leaves in salads.

But my thoughts today turned to Dandelion Wine, the novel by Ray Bradbury.  It’s a book I read in junior high and it was part of a whole summer of Bradbury books.

The book is about the summer of 1928 in Green Town, Illinois as seen by a 12 year-old boy named Douglas. Most reviews will tell you that it is semi-autobiographical based on Bradbury’s Waukegan, Illinois memories.

Dandelion wine is made with dandelion flowers and in the novel it is Doug’s grandfather who makes it. The wine is an obvious symbol for the distillation of all the best of the summer – as is the novel.

When I taught middle school, it was a book I kept in my classroom and would occassionally recommend it to students. I think it seemed too small-town America and old-fashioned for most of them. Maybe it is childhood as viewed by an adult.

Though it is based on some of Bradbury’s childhood memories, he always mixes in enough fantasy that no one is going to say it is a “true” story.

The novel (really more like a collection of related stories) is nostalgic and lyrical work and a world viewed through the yellow filter of a bottle of dandelion wine. Still, I recall some serious moments that had me thinking that summer I read it.  Along with the nostalgia, Douglas’ summer also contains his recognition that he will die some day. It’s something that comes with the end of summer, losing companions and his grandfather’s presence.

Another character in the book, Leo, gets annoyed listening to elderly people’s depressing and fatalistic conversations. Douglas and his grandfather suggest, not seriously, to him that he make a Happiness Machine, and he becomes determined to do just that. A happy man with a wife and 6 children, the Happiness Machine almost destroys his life.

I never read Farewell Summer which is the sequel to Dandelion Wine. It wasn’t published until 2006, so it didn’t exist in my own childhood or in my days teaching middle school.  I’m not sure I would pick it up if it was all about the end of summer, growing old and dying.

Farewell Summer is a sequel to  Dandelion Wine. It is set during the “Indian summer” in October 1929.  Part of the plot is Doug’s “sexual awakening” as he turns 14. I probably could have used that as a selling point to get my students to read it.

I found some history on the book. The first chapter, also titled “Farewell Summer,” appeared in The Stories of Ray Bradbury in 1980.  Reading reviews of it online, like this one from Booklist: – “A touching meditation on memories, aging, and the endless cycle of birth and death, and a fitting capstone, perhaps, to a brilliant career” – made me think that this was really childhood as seen by an old man. But that isn’t correct.

It seems that  Bradbury said that he originally had intended the novel to follow what we know as Dandelion Wine in one big book he was going to call Summer Morning, Summer Night. A collection of stories was published much later under that name, though I’m not sure it followed Bradbury’s original plan.

“When I delivered it to my publishers they said, ‘My God, this is much too long. Why don’t we publish the first 90,000 words as a novel and keep the second part for some future year when it is ready to be published,’” Bradbury said.

It you wanted a Bradbury summer of reading, I would suggest your third choice be Something Wicked This Way Comes. Even though it has a different plot and characters, it is set in Green Town and has the same feel. Make it the second book in the trilogy – what was going on around the town that Doug might have missed. It’s a much darker novel of childhood. When you take your title from Macbeth, we know something is up. The line is said by the second witch, “By the pricking of my thumbs, something wicked this way comes.” The wicked thing is Macbeth – traitor and murderer.

In the novel, two 13 year-old boys, Jim Nightshade and William Halloway, encounter a wicked traveling carnival that comes their way one October. The carnival is run by “Mr. Dark” who wears a tattoo for each person he has rewarded with their secret fantasy. Each of them is also now a permanent part of the carnival. Will’s father’s fantasy is to regain his youth.

There is also a film version of Something Wicked This Way Comes that I really like. It is usually listed as a children’s film (probably because it was made by Disney) and I did watch it with my boys when they were younger than Jim & Will, but it is pretty scary on lots of levels.

I found a recipe for dandelion wine and, if I get ambitious in this summer, maybe I’ll give it a try.  If you make some, let me know.

Pick a gallon of the most perfect, open, bright yellow blossoms. Make sure these aren’t from a lawn that gets treated with chemicals. Do it early in the morning when there is still dew on the flowers. Really. This will make one gallon of wine.

Put the flowers in a two gallon or larger open crock and pour boiling water over them. Cover the crock with cheesecloth and let it sit at room temperature for three days.

Squeeze all the juice from the flowers, throw them away and put the liquid into a big pot. Add to this:
3 lbs. sugar (brown raw sugar is good, but you could try honey for more “essence” of summer)
3 or 4 lemons, juice, skin, seeds and all, just chopped up.
3 or 4 oranges, also chopped

Boil mixture for 30 minutes with top on pot, cool to lukewarm, pour into crock and add 1 1/2 or 2 packages or tablespoons of yeast. Cover with cheesecloth and let brew sit for two or three weeks or until the bubbling stops.

Then filter the liquid through cheesecloth to get out chunks. Bottle up the summer. Drink young. Some on Labor Day seems right. Some on that first cold autumn night. Some for winter. Finish it all before the first day of spring.


MORE ON RAY BRADBURY

Ray Bradbury Official Site

Bradbury writing about Farewell Summer

Full Corn Planting Moon

Tonight’s May full moon is known, like other months’ full moons, by several names.

It is sometimes known as the Full Flower Moon since in most areas of the country flowers are abundant.

It is also known as the Milk Moon.

Being a gardener, my favorite name is the Full Corn Planting Moon.

There is a long tradition of “moon planters” who believe that the gravitational force that pulls the tides and pulls a horseshoe crab ashore to mate, also causes crops (particularly those that bear fruit above ground) to sprout faster from the earth.

When the moon is waning and the pull decreases good old gravity has its way and roots and root crops have their way. Plant potatoes, carrots et al. Don’t plant anything when the moon is dark. That’s when plants rest. It’s a good time to kill weeds because they won’t grow back.

In the Native American tradition of the Medicine Wheel, the Corn Planting Moon is the third moon of Wabun, the Spirit Keeper of the East.  The stone on the wheel representing this moon is placed three quarters of the way between the eastern and southern stones in the outer circle of the Medicine Wheel.

Full moon names go back hundreds of years to Native Americans of the northern and eastern United States who kept track of the seasons by giving names to each full moon based on natural occurrences.

Variations in these names come from the European settlers who created some of their own names. Native Americans did not domesticate cows, so it was these settlers who named the May full moon the Milk Moon. During May cows, goats, and sheep enjoy sprouting weeds, grasses, and herbs in the pastures and produce lots of rich milk, full of vitamins.

Nature’s Recycling Plan

Composting is a way for us to imitate nature’s recycling plan. A compost pile turns into some very active organic matter. If done correctly, you get a dark, crumbly soil with beneficial fungi, bacteria and earthworms, enzymes and acids. It is much better for your garden (especially the vegetable garden) than synthetic chemical fertilizers.

It’s a way to reduce the amount of garbage you generate. Compost increases soil’s water-holding capacity, so plants require less water and stay more evenly moist. Composts lightens heavy clay soils when it is tilled into it. Though I’m not sure of the details, I have read in a number of places that it adds substances that can help plants respond to insects and diseases.

I bought a commercial composting container ten years ago and still use it. I have also done some homemade composters.  Mine 3-4 feet circles or squares and four feet high made of scrap lumber (once, an old picnic table & benches were used) and garden fencing. The homemades last a year or two, so the recycled plastic composter has been a good investment.

I put them on a level spot that drains well and start with a bottom layer (less than 6 inches) of  more coarse stems, thin, broken twigs and sticks. I try my best to alternate thin layers of  fruit/vegetable scraps from the kitchen, grass clippings (sparingly or they will smell), leaves that I have chopped with the mower, coffee grounds and tea bags (I rip them apart, but the paer will compost). Manure from horses, cattle, goats, poultry and rabbits is good if you have it.

compostI stir as I go along and add some good soil. Some people say that you should add two parts brown to one part green. Brown/dry materials would be the leaves, pine needles and dead plants. Greens are all the live/wet grass clippings and kitchen scraps. Then I add water. Moist is good. Soggy is not. If it smells, something is wrong – either too wet or too green.

Articles on composting usually say to turn the pile regularly, but I often forget and it gets tough to do as the pile grows. Stirring things up speeds up the process, but it will still turn into compost if you don’t stir.  There are commercial bins that are like rolling barrels to make it easy.

I empty my compost in the spring and use it in my vegetable garden, so I’m okay if it takes another year to get the next pile. When the compost is “ready,” it will look like one ingredient rather than all the things you originally put in there.

I have that people add some paper or cardboard that is torn or shredded. I might try adding some clean paper from the shredder bucket. But there are definitely things you should NOT add. NO meat or animal products, treated or painted lumber, diseased plants, weeds (especially with seeds), grass clippings if you use herbicides, manure from dogs, cats, humans and other omnivores.

I’ve seen people use old garbage cans withe bottoms cut out and some vents in the sides as composters. You can also make compost trenches where the “immature” compost breaks down while you use it for growing plants. Peas, beans, potatoes and squash are good items for these trenches.Squash and potatoes grow well in compost-rich soils and piles.

More Information

The Great Pacific Garbage Patch

The Great Pacific Garbage Patch, also described as the Eastern Garbage Patch or the Pacific Trash Vortex, is a gyre (any manner of particularly large-scale wind, swirling vortex and ocean currents) of marine litter in the central North Pacific Ocean located roughly between 135° to 155°W and 35° to 42°N.  It is usually described as being the size of Texas.

It has a high concentrations of suspended plastic and other debris that have been trapped by the currents of the North Pacific Gyre. The approximately 3.5 million tons of trash includes shoes, toys, bags, pacifiers, wrappers, toothbrushes, and bottles – all floating round and round midway between Hawaii and San Francisco.

The garbage patch stays relatively stationary in the North Pacific Ocean because of the North Pacific Gyre’s (AKA the horse latitudes) rotational pattern. This pattern draws in waste material from across the North Pacific Ocean, including the coastal waters off North America and Japan. Then, wind-driven surface currents move floating debris toward the center, trapping it in the region.

Such a patch was predicted in 1988 in a paper published by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) based on results obtained by several Alaska-based researchers between 1985 and 1988 that measured neustonic plastic in the North Pacific Ocean.

The researchers found that there were high concentrations of marine debris accumulating in regions governed by particular patterns of ocean currents.

The existence of the Pacific Gyre garbage patch received more attention after articles written by Charles Moore, a California-based sea captain and ocean researcher, made it into the mainstream media. Moore, discovered it while returning home through the North Pacific Gyre after competing in a sailing race.

After Moore contacted an oceanographer, Curtis Ebbesmeyer, the area began to be studies and was dubbed the “Eastern Garbage Patch” (EGP).

The patch formed gradually over time as a result of marine pollution being gathered together by the action of particular oceanic currents.

The actual size of the garbage patch is unknown. Estimates range from it being 0.41% to 8.1% of the size of the Pacific Ocean itself.

What is clear is that since much of our waste today is comprised of plastic that does not biodegrade and much of it ends up in the ocean, the problem will only worsen. The plastic to sea life ratios in the area are 6:1. Birds and mammals are dying of starvation and dehydration with bellies full of plastics and fish are ingesting toxins at such a rate that those who survive are unsafe to eat.

Perhaps what is most incredible is that there is no effort underway to clean the mess.

There are some actions being taken though – for example, the city of San Fransisco has a ban on the use of plastic bags.  Oprah did a “green” program that showed footage of the garbage patch. Letting people know about it is important, but expressing our shock and disgust will not prevent further damage or help solve the problem that already exists.

This video is from National Geographic – “Plastic Plague” features Charles Moore at sea.

Far out at sea and deep in the nation’s heartland, experts are discovering the disturbing consequences of a hitchhiker in our waters—plastic. On the remote islands in the Pacific, a team of researchers is trying to solve the mystery of why albatross chicks with full bellies are starving. Many miles away another team is finding more plastic than plankton in giant garbage patch of ocean called the North Pacific Gyre. Could these two events be related?

What’s equally worrisome, is the menacing wake plastic pollution leaves on fresh water and consequently, our health. Scientists in Missouri are finding a gender-bending chemical called bisphenol A in local streams who’s source may be plastics. They are also finding this nasty compound leaching out of commonly used plastic products (including baby bottles).

Get more information

  1. http://www.greatgarbagepatch.org
  2. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Pacific_Garbage_Patch
  3. http://www.greenpeace.org/international/campaigns/oceans/pollution/trash-vortex#
  4. ZapRoot show on the Gyre
  5. listen to a NPR story on this topic
  6. Plastic Island post on the Daily Kos

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